bioweapon targeted at rice crops. Considering how much of Asia (China, India and SE Asia ) are dependant on rice for their calories, the effects would be horrific.
The other one is a Long Night scenario when Yellowstone caldera blows and covers the world in ash and darkness.
In both scenarios, we need giant greenhouse complexes in every city to feed the populace. Another advantage from this is that we will be able to centrally control the quality of food produced without risk of pollutants in the food or use of pesticides.
Ideally we could build these underground, along with freshwater fish farms.
What's the limit on food shelf life? I don't mean fresh foods, I want to stockpile food for decades, can frozen/dry/vacuum packed/tinned with preservatives do that?